高考英語閱讀沖刺：閱讀理解20
閱讀理解 （共20小題； 每小題2分，滿分 40分） 閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項。 A The Great Wall of China is considered to be the only man－made project seen from the moon. Although it was once thought to have been built entirely during the Qin Dynasty( 朝代) between 221 and 208 BC, it is now believed to have been started earlier. The 15－foot－high, 25－foot－wide, 1,500－mile－long structure was undoubtedly built to keep out invading enemies. To the common people of the empire, who had been forced to build the wall, it was not worth it, however. The wall, and other public works completed by the Qin Dynasty, had caused great losses on the wealth and human life of the country. As a result, an angry population rose up in rebellion（反抗）against the Qin Dynasty, and in 207 BC the Han Dynasty began. Because of its rich history and magnificent appearance, the Great Wall attracts tourists, scientists, and historians to this day and will continue to do so for generations. 56. According to the author of this passage, the Han Dynasty was able to come into power because . A. enemies were not effectively prevented from invading the empire B. it had started the work on the wall and really controlled it all along C. the common people rebelled against the empire that had forced them to work on the Great Wall D. the Qin emperor lost all his personal wealth in the creation of the Great Wall 57. The main idea of this passage is that . A. the emperor of the Qin Dynasty was a slave driver B. invading enemies were a problem in ancient China C. the common people of ancient China were very poor D. the human achievement of the Great Wall is widely appreciated 58. With which of the following opinions would this author most likely agree? A. The pyramids of Egypt also attract modern man because of the human effort they represent（體現）. B. The pyramids of Egypt would probably be seen to a human standing on the moon. C. The human significance (意義) of the pyramids of Egypt is greater than that of the Great Wall. D. The human significance of the pyramids of Egypt is not as great as that of the Great Wall. 59. The writer has not directly stated, but would support the opinion that . A. Astronauts（宇航員） have taken a personal interest in the history of the Great Wall of China B. the common people of the Qin Dynasty were the ones who provided the labor in constructing the Great Wall C. work on the Great Wall was started before the Qin Dynasty came into existence D. the Great Wall of China is a great human achievement and was probably worth the effort it took B省略
C
When you turn on the radio, you hear an advertisement. When you watch television, you hear and see an advertisement. If you turn the pages of a newspaper or magazine, again you find an advertisement. If you walk down the street, you see one advertising board after another. All day, every day, people who want to sell you something compete to catch your attention. As a result, advertisements are almost everywhere. In the West, advertisements are the fuel that makes mass media work. Many TV stations, newspapers, magazines, radio stations are privately owned. The government does not give them money. So where does the money come from? From advertisements. Without advertisements, there would not be these private businesses. Have you ever asked yourself what advertising is? Through the years, people have given different answers to the question. For some time it was felt that advertising was a means of “keeping your name before the public.” And some people thought that advertising was “truth well told.” Now more and more people describe it in this way: Advertising is the paid, nonpersonal (非針對某個人的), and usually persuasive (有說服力的) description of goods, services and ideas by identified sponsors (明確的出資者)through various media. First, advertising is usually paid for. Various sponsors pay for the advert sements we see, read, and hear over the various media. Second, advertising is nonpersonal. It is not face to face communication. Although you may feel that a message in a certain advertisement is aimed directly at you, in reality, it is directed at large groups of people. Third, advertising is usually persuasive. Directly or indirectly it tells people to do something. All advertisements try to make people believe that the product, idea, or service advertised can do good to them. Fourth, the sponsor of the advertisement must be identified. From the advertisement, we can see if the sponsor is a company, or an organization, or an individual. Fifth, advertising reaches us through traditional (傳統的)and nontraditional mass media. Included in the traditional media are newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and films. Nontraditional media include the mail, matchbox covers, and billboards (廣告牌). 62. The existence（存在）of the privately owned mass media depends financially（經濟上地）on A. the government B. their owners' familiesC. advertisements D. the audience 63. According to the passage, who are most probably paying for the advertisements? A. Companies. B. Organizations. C. Individuals. D. All of the above. 64. Which of the following is considered nontraditional mass media? A. Newspapers. B. The mail. C. Magazines D. Films. 65. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the features of advertisements is NOT true? A. Advertising must be honest and amusing. B. Advertising is meant for large groups of people. C. Advertising tells people to do something directly or indirectly. D. The sponsors are always mentioned in the advertisements. D The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit－card (信用卡) fraud.Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal web site（非法網站）. Web sites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care. On－line shoppers who enter their credit－card information may never receive the goods they thought they bought.The thieves then go shopping with your card number—or sell the information over the Internet. Computers hackers (黑客) have broken down security（安全）systems, raising questions about the safety of cardholder information. Several months ago, 25,000 customers of CD Universe, an on－line music retailer (零售商) , were not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit－card numbers were posted on a Web site after the retailer refused to pay US $157,828 to get back the information. Credit－card firms are now fighting against on－line fraud. Mastercard is working on plans for Web－only credit card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping on－line. However, there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated (欺騙). Ask about your credit－card firm's on－line rules: Under British law, cardholders have to pay the first US $78 of any fraudulent (欺騙性的) spending. And shop only at secure sites; Send your credit－card information only if the Web site offers advanced secure system. If the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right－hand corner of your screen. The Web site address may also start https: // － the extra “s” stands for secure. If in doubt, give your credit－card information over the telephone. Keep your password（密碼）safe: Most on－line sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your passwords with care. 66. What do most people worry about the Internet according to this passage? A. A lot of stolen credit－cards were sold on the Internet. B. Fraud on the Internet. C. Many Web sites are destroyed. D. Many illegal Web sites are on the Internet. 67. What is the meaning of “fraud”? A. Cheating. B. Sale. C. Payment. D. Safety. 68. How can the thieves get the information of the creditcard? A. The customers give them the information. B. The thieves steal the information from Web sites. C. The customers sell the information to them. D. The thieves buy the information from credit card firms. 69. How many pieces of advice does the passage give to you? A. Four. B. Three. C. Five. D. Six. 70. You are shopping on the site: http: // www. Shopping. com, and you want to buy a TV set, what does this article suggest to do? A. Order the TV set at once. B. Do not buy the TV set on this site. C. E－mail the site your credit－card information. D. Tell the site your password and buy the TV set for you.
E
Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there's no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children's curiosity(好奇). Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven－year－olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary（薪水） and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that we're finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?” After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper (蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?” This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours. Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical(符合邏輯的), complete and creative answers. Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don't jump in with “That's right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior(行為). But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying, “That's interesting” or “I'd never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never push a child to “Think”. It doesn't make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to. What's more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target (目標) for your disagreement. Lastly, show; don't tell. Real－life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大鏡), and they'll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates (蒸發), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop. 71. According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is . A. to let them see the world around B. to share the children's curiosity C. to explain difficult phrases about science D. to supply the children with lab equipment 72. In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “lists” could best be replaced by A. any questions B. any problems C. questions from textbooks D. any number of questions 73. According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults . A. ask them to answer quickly. B. wait for one or two seconds after a question. C. tell them to answer the next day. D. wait at least for three seconds after a question. 74. In which of the following paragraph(s) does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion? A. The second and third. B. The fourth and fifth. C. The fifth and sixth. D. The seventh. 75. The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children's curiosity except that adults should . A. tell their children stories instead of reciting(背誦) facts B. offer their children chances to see things for themselves C. be patient enough when their children answer questions D. encourage their children to ask questions of their own
56～59 CDAD 62～65 CDBA 66～70 BABAB 71～75 BCDCA
閱讀理解 （共20小題； 每小題2分，滿分 40分） 閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項。 A The Great Wall of China is considered to be the only man－made project seen from the moon. Although it was once thought to have been built entirely during the Qin Dynasty( 朝代) between 221 and 208 BC, it is now believed to have been started earlier. The 15－foot－high, 25－foot－wide, 1,500－mile－long structure was undoubtedly built to keep out invading enemies. To the common people of the empire, who had been forced to build the wall, it was not worth it, however. The wall, and other public works completed by the Qin Dynasty, had caused great losses on the wealth and human life of the country. As a result, an angry population rose up in rebellion（反抗）against the Qin Dynasty, and in 207 BC the Han Dynasty began. Because of its rich history and magnificent appearance, the Great Wall attracts tourists, scientists, and historians to this day and will continue to do so for generations. 56. According to the author of this passage, the Han Dynasty was able to come into power because . A. enemies were not effectively prevented from invading the empire B. it had started the work on the wall and really controlled it all along C. the common people rebelled against the empire that had forced them to work on the Great Wall D. the Qin emperor lost all his personal wealth in the creation of the Great Wall 57. The main idea of this passage is that . A. the emperor of the Qin Dynasty was a slave driver B. invading enemies were a problem in ancient China C. the common people of ancient China were very poor D. the human achievement of the Great Wall is widely appreciated 58. With which of the following opinions would this author most likely agree? A. The pyramids of Egypt also attract modern man because of the human effort they represent（體現）. B. The pyramids of Egypt would probably be seen to a human standing on the moon. C. The human significance (意義) of the pyramids of Egypt is greater than that of the Great Wall. D. The human significance of the pyramids of Egypt is not as great as that of the Great Wall. 59. The writer has not directly stated, but would support the opinion that . A. Astronauts（宇航員） have taken a personal interest in the history of the Great Wall of China B. the common people of the Qin Dynasty were the ones who provided the labor in constructing the Great Wall C. work on the Great Wall was started before the Qin Dynasty came into existence D. the Great Wall of China is a great human achievement and was probably worth the effort it took B省略
C
When you turn on the radio, you hear an advertisement. When you watch television, you hear and see an advertisement. If you turn the pages of a newspaper or magazine, again you find an advertisement. If you walk down the street, you see one advertising board after another. All day, every day, people who want to sell you something compete to catch your attention. As a result, advertisements are almost everywhere. In the West, advertisements are the fuel that makes mass media work. Many TV stations, newspapers, magazines, radio stations are privately owned. The government does not give them money. So where does the money come from? From advertisements. Without advertisements, there would not be these private businesses. Have you ever asked yourself what advertising is? Through the years, people have given different answers to the question. For some time it was felt that advertising was a means of “keeping your name before the public.” And some people thought that advertising was “truth well told.” Now more and more people describe it in this way: Advertising is the paid, nonpersonal (非針對某個人的), and usually persuasive (有說服力的) description of goods, services and ideas by identified sponsors (明確的出資者)through various media. First, advertising is usually paid for. Various sponsors pay for the advert sements we see, read, and hear over the various media. Second, advertising is nonpersonal. It is not face to face communication. Although you may feel that a message in a certain advertisement is aimed directly at you, in reality, it is directed at large groups of people. Third, advertising is usually persuasive. Directly or indirectly it tells people to do something. All advertisements try to make people believe that the product, idea, or service advertised can do good to them. Fourth, the sponsor of the advertisement must be identified. From the advertisement, we can see if the sponsor is a company, or an organization, or an individual. Fifth, advertising reaches us through traditional (傳統的)and nontraditional mass media. Included in the traditional media are newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and films. Nontraditional media include the mail, matchbox covers, and billboards (廣告牌). 62. The existence（存在）of the privately owned mass media depends financially（經濟上地）on A. the government B. their owners' familiesC. advertisements D. the audience 63. According to the passage, who are most probably paying for the advertisements? A. Companies. B. Organizations. C. Individuals. D. All of the above. 64. Which of the following is considered nontraditional mass media? A. Newspapers. B. The mail. C. Magazines D. Films. 65. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the features of advertisements is NOT true? A. Advertising must be honest and amusing. B. Advertising is meant for large groups of people. C. Advertising tells people to do something directly or indirectly. D. The sponsors are always mentioned in the advertisements. D The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit－card (信用卡) fraud.Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal web site（非法網站）. Web sites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care. On－line shoppers who enter their credit－card information may never receive the goods they thought they bought.The thieves then go shopping with your card number—or sell the information over the Internet. Computers hackers (黑客) have broken down security（安全）systems, raising questions about the safety of cardholder information. Several months ago, 25,000 customers of CD Universe, an on－line music retailer (零售商) , were not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit－card numbers were posted on a Web site after the retailer refused to pay US $157,828 to get back the information. Credit－card firms are now fighting against on－line fraud. Mastercard is working on plans for Web－only credit card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping on－line. However, there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated (欺騙). Ask about your credit－card firm's on－line rules: Under British law, cardholders have to pay the first US $78 of any fraudulent (欺騙性的) spending. And shop only at secure sites; Send your credit－card information only if the Web site offers advanced secure system. If the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right－hand corner of your screen. The Web site address may also start https: // － the extra “s” stands for secure. If in doubt, give your credit－card information over the telephone. Keep your password（密碼）safe: Most on－line sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your passwords with care. 66. What do most people worry about the Internet according to this passage? A. A lot of stolen credit－cards were sold on the Internet. B. Fraud on the Internet. C. Many Web sites are destroyed. D. Many illegal Web sites are on the Internet. 67. What is the meaning of “fraud”? A. Cheating. B. Sale. C. Payment. D. Safety. 68. How can the thieves get the information of the creditcard? A. The customers give them the information. B. The thieves steal the information from Web sites. C. The customers sell the information to them. D. The thieves buy the information from credit card firms. 69. How many pieces of advice does the passage give to you? A. Four. B. Three. C. Five. D. Six. 70. You are shopping on the site: http: // www. Shopping. com, and you want to buy a TV set, what does this article suggest to do? A. Order the TV set at once. B. Do not buy the TV set on this site. C. E－mail the site your credit－card information. D. Tell the site your password and buy the TV set for you.
E
Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there's no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children's curiosity(好奇). Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven－year－olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary（薪水） and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that we're finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?” After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper (蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?” This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours. Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical(符合邏輯的), complete and creative answers. Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don't jump in with “That's right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior(行為). But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying, “That's interesting” or “I'd never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never push a child to “Think”. It doesn't make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to. What's more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target (目標) for your disagreement. Lastly, show; don't tell. Real－life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大鏡), and they'll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates (蒸發), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop. 71. According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is . A. to let them see the world around B. to share the children's curiosity C. to explain difficult phrases about science D. to supply the children with lab equipment 72. In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “lists” could best be replaced by A. any questions B. any problems C. questions from textbooks D. any number of questions 73. According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults . A. ask them to answer quickly. B. wait for one or two seconds after a question. C. tell them to answer the next day. D. wait at least for three seconds after a question. 74. In which of the following paragraph(s) does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion? A. The second and third. B. The fourth and fifth. C. The fifth and sixth. D. The seventh. 75. The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children's curiosity except that adults should . A. tell their children stories instead of reciting(背誦) facts B. offer their children chances to see things for themselves C. be patient enough when their children answer questions D. encourage their children to ask questions of their own
56～59 CDAD 62～65 CDBA 66～70 BABAB 71～75 BCDCA
